retire
/rɪˈtaɪə(r)/
v. 退休
精讲
- retire=stop working=stop doing this
- I'm going to retire next year.
- 我明年会退出影坛或歌坛
- I'm so tired that I'm going to retire now. (retire = go to bed)
StudyBox · 学习盒子
新概念英语二 · 上册 · 精读资料卡
课文 · 精读
Lesson 31 Success story100%
Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.
昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历
开篇定位：Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. 先交代人物、地点或事件背景，为后文叙事建立时间和场景。
Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.
在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理，但他小时候却在一家小铺里做工
时间关系：Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. 通过时间连接词安排动作先后，重点看两个动作的发生顺序。
It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.
他那时的工作是修理自行车，并且通常是一天工作14个小时
定语从句：It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. 中的关系词把补充信息接在名词后，先找它修饰的先行词。
He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.
他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子
第 4 句：先确定主语和谓语，再结合上下文判断本句在故事中的作用。
In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.
20多岁的时候，弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件
非谓语与动作关系：In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. 中的 -ing 或 to do 补充说明动作的时间、目的或伴随情况。
At that time he had two helpers.
那时他有两个帮手
定语从句：At that time he had two helpers. 中的关系词把补充信息接在名词后，先找它修饰的先行词。
In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.
几年之后，小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂
定语从句：In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. 中的关系词把补充信息接在名词后，先找它修饰的先行词。
Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.
弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路，微笑了
时间关系：Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. 通过时间连接词安排动作先后，重点看两个动作的发生顺序。
He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来
时间关系：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. 通过时间连接词安排动作先后，重点看两个动作的发生顺序。
She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!
她叫他去修理孙子的自行车
非谓语与动作关系：She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle! 中的 -ing 或 to do 补充说明动作的时间、目的或伴随情况。
本课怎么学：Lesson 31 Success story
新概念英语二 · Lesson 31 Success story。建议按朗读跟读 → 单词 → 语法常考题 → 进度标记完成一课。
- 听朗读并对齐跟读：打开「Lesson 31 Success story」在线朗读，播放时用句级跟读高亮对齐每一句，先听懂大意再跟读。
- 过本课核心词：重点记本课单词：retire、company、bicycle、save、workshop、helper；结合原文句子记忆，不要只背中文释义。
- 看语法并做常考题：先读语法点「used to 表示过去习惯」，再做 1–2 道本课常考题，确认能在原文里定位对应句。
- 标记学习进度：学完后把本课标为「学习中」或「已完成」，方便下次从进度清单继续。
常见问题
- 新概念英语二Lesson 31 Success story主要学习什么？
- 成功者的故事：What was Frank's first job? 本课按完整课文逐句精读，重点整理词汇、短语和与原文直接相关的语法。
- Lesson 31 Success story需要重点掌握哪些单词？
- 重点单词：retire、company、bicycle、save、workshop、helper、employ、grandson。建议连回原文句子记忆，不要只背中文释义。
- Lesson 31 Success story的核心语法是什么？
- used to 表示过去习惯：used to work / used to make 表示过去经常做而现在不再如此。 which 引导定语从句：a large factory which employed... 中 which 指 factory，在从句中作主语。
- used to do 是什么意思？
- used to do：过去常常做
- save money 是什么意思？
- save money：攒钱
- What was Frank's first job?
- 昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历
- 本课精读应重点掌握什么？
- 完整理解每个句子的主干、固定搭配和课文相关语法。
- 新概念英语二 Lesson 31 Success story 怎么学？
- 先听朗读并开句级跟读，再过单词/注解与语法知识点，最后做 1～2 道常考题并标记进度。
- 怎么跟读本课最有效？
- 先完整听一遍，再开句级跟读高亮逐句跟读；跟不上就单句重播，不必追求一次完美。
整理：学习盒子（StudyBox）教研 · 更新：2026-08-14
单词表
开始背诵本课单词company
/ˈkʌmpəni/
n. 公司
精讲
- firm 商行
- corporation 责任公司
- limited corporation 有限责任公司 缩略形式 : Ltd.Co
- He works in my business.
- 他在我的公司工作
bicycle
/ˈbaɪsɪkl/
n. 自行车
精讲
- 结合课文理解：n. 自行车；注意它在本课句子中的词性和搭配。
save
/seɪv/
v. 积蓄
精讲
- I have saved up for many years: 我已经存了好几年的钱
- save it for a rainy day: 未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备
workshop
/ˈwɜːkʃɒp/
n. 车间
精讲
- workshop 工作并且可以拿出来卖, 译为 “车间”
helper
/ˈhelpə(r)/
n. 帮手，助手
精讲
- 结合课文理解：n. 帮手，助手；注意它在本课句子中的词性和搭配。
employ
/ɪmˈplɔɪ/
v. 雇佣
精讲
- grandson n. 孙子
grandson
/ˈɡrænsʌn/
n. 孙子
精讲
- 结合课文理解：n. 孙子；注意它在本课句子中的词性和搭配。
短语
背诵本课短语| 短语 | 意思 |
|---|---|
| used to do | 过去常常做 |
| save money | 攒钱 |
| of one's own | 属于自己的 |
| spare parts | 零配件 |
| the road to success | 通往成功的道路 |
| limited corporation | 有限责任公司 缩略形式 : Ltd.Co |
| I have saved up for many years | 我已经存了好几年的钱 |
| save it for a rainy day | 未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备 |
语法点
used to 表示过去习惯
used to work / used to make 表示过去经常做而现在不再如此。
相似句：
- He used to live here.
- I used to walk to school.
which 引导定语从句
a large factory which employed... 中 which 指 factory，在从句中作主语。
相似句：
- This is the book which helped me.
- They built a house which faces the sea.
常考题
2
常考题
21What was Frank's first job?
昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历
2本课精读应重点掌握什么？
完整理解每个句子的主干、固定搭配和课文相关语法。
选择题精讲
10Multiple choice questions
1When he was a young man, Frank ____.
c.made spare parts for bicycles d.worked hard and saved his money
owned a small shop b.made spare parts for aeroplanes
1d
(a)(b)选项是作为 “he was a youny man” 中的一个部分
3Frank used to work in a small shop. He ______.
a.doesn't anymore b.still does c.is now d.has never done anything else
3a
not anymore 不再
I will not make the mistake anymore.
4He used to work fourteen hours a day. He did this ______ day.
a.one b.some c.each d.a
4c
one day 有一天 / some day 某一天 / a 作为计量单位的一部分
I will beat you some day.总有一天我会打败你
every day / each day 每天
8Frank is the ______ of a business company.
a.director b.headmaster c.superior d.leader
8a
leader 起带头作用的人
headmaster [ηεδ5μΒ:στΕ(ρ)] 校长
direction [δι5ρεκΦΕν, δαι5ρεκΦΕν] 方向
director 管理公司或单位整个事务的人
(director [δι5ρεκτΕ, δαι5ρεκτΕ] n.主任, 主管, 导演, (机关)首长, (团体)理事, (公司)董事, 指挥仪, 控制器)
Frank is a director of a business company
superior 监理
(superior [σϕυ:5πιΕριΕ] n.长者, 高手, 上级 adj.较高的, 上级的, 上好的, 出众的, 高傲的)
12He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife ______.
a.went in b.entered in c.entered d.entered into
12c
into 后面一定要加地点
enter 既是及物动词, 也是不及物动词
enter＝go in/come in 如 return＝go back
go in 与 come in 都可以用enter代替, 但go in(离说话人越来越远) 与 come in(离说话人越来越近) 方向不一样,文中强调的是 “进去” 而非 “进来”